The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East.Historical Dictionary of Ancient and Medieval Nubia. Leroi-Gourham, André, José Garanger, Dominique Baffier.Archaeology of ancient Mexico and Central America: An encyclopedia. Archaeological method and theory: An encyclopedia. The concise Oxford dictionary of archaeology. A dictionary of terms and techniques in archaeology. Blackwell Encyclopedia of Industrial Archaeology.Companion Encyclopedia of Archaeology.Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt.The new Penguin dictionary of archaeology. It provides tools for a writer to paint a picture with words (the words are bringing images to the reader’s mind we do not have groups of letters banding together and wielding paintbrushes and paint). Using figurative language allows a writer to be both playful and to communicate information effectively to readers. In other cases, however, you may not be able to easily say whether an example of figurative language is an idiom, hyperbole, or a metaphor (and it may be a combination of some or all of these things). In some cases it can be very simple to distinguish one type of figurative language from another: if you say ‘my love is like a flower’ you are using a simile, and if you say ‘my love is a flower’ you are using a metaphor. (The words made a strong and immediate impression on the reader, but they remained in place on the page on which they had been printed) (The wind was making a noise, but was not using its vocal cords to cry out in grief) (The lights are twinkling, but are not actually performing a waltz) (The show lasted for a very long time) Personificationįinally, if we give our words qualities or abilities that people have but that the things we are describing can’t logically possess, the result is a different kind of figurative language called personification. (The tickets sold very quickly they did not move at 299,792,458 meters per second) (The person described did not actually swim through a pool of currency, but merely had a lot of money) This very often expresses an impossibility or near impossibility: (Saying you will sleep like a baby means you will sleep deeply, but we don’t know if that is how a baby will sleep some babies sleep well, and others sleep poorly) Hyperboleįigurative use of language also takes the form of extreme exaggeration, or hyperbole. (Traffic is moving very slowly, as molasses often does when one tries to pour it out) (The paper was picked up very quickly if the person picking it up had been as fast as lightning the paper would had been damaged) (This person is taking in information, but they are not actually soaking wet while doing so) SimilesĪ simile is a phrase that uses the words like or as to describe someone or something by comparing it with someone or something else that is similar.įast as lightning, I picked up the paper and read it. He sat quietly, letting her words soak in. (The aunt is a person with considerable knowledge, but is not actually a multi-volume set of books with legs) My aunt is a walking encyclopedia, and everyone wanted her on their team on game night. (There was no actual mountain, just a large amount of paper) My desk had a mountain of paperwork on it. A metaphor substitutes a word or phrase with one that makes an analogy or explanation with an image. Metaphors and similes are another category of figurative language use. (He was known for blaming others in order to gain an advantage, and was not actually pushing anyone under a moving vehicle) Metaphors The senator was renowned for throwing his colleagues under the bus in election season. (The dog ate the muffins quickly, and there was no sudden burst of light) (He was undecided, and was not suspended above the ground) He was up in the air about whether to go to the concert. (The teacher told the student to slow down, and did not mean that they should pick up their four-legged animals) “ Hold your horses,” the teacher told the students as they were leaving school. Many (although not all) idioms are examples of figurative language. IdiomsĪn idiom is an expression that cannot be understood from the meanings of its separate words but that has a separate meaning of its own. Here are some of the more common types, and examples of their use. There are many ways to use figurative language. This fellow is literally swimming in money
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